Weather Stations in the Arbuckle-Simpson Aquifer Study Area

Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Entity_and_Attribute_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey

Publication_Date: 1997

Title: Weather Stations in the Arbuckle-Simpson Aquifer Study Area

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data

Online_Linkage: <http://ok.water.usgs.gov/>

Description:

Abstract:

This data set consists of meteorological station records from several different sources, including the Oklahoma Mesonet, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, and the National Climatic Data Center of the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration. The records contain location, type, and period of record for stations, but do not contain actual measurement values such as temperature, precipitation, or other meteorological parameters. Both operating and discontinued stations are included in this data set.

This data set consists of meteorological station records from several different sources, including the Oklahoma Mesonet, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, and the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) of the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The records contain information related to the location, type, and period of record for stations, but do not contain actual measurement values such as stream discharge or meteorological parameters. Both operating and discontinued stations are included in this data set. This data set is a subset of previously published data (Rea and Cederstrand, 1994), and was current as of 1993. This data set includes the area covering Oklahoma plus a margin of 100 kilometers.

The data set from which these stations were selected was designed to support research in global change, as part of the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) Continental-Scale International Project (GCIP). The stations included were chosen based on the existence of records for daily values of parameters selected in consultation with the GCIP Data Committee and Hydrometeorology and Atmospheric Subpanels. Only stations with daily values of meteorological parameters were included. Stations were selected from an area covering Oklahoma plus a margin of 100 kilometers.

Purpose:

These stations were selected from a data set designed to support research in global change, as part of the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) Continental-Scale International Project.

Supplemental_Information:

Procedures_Used: These data originally were published by Rea and Cederstrand (1994). The ARC/INFO command BUFFER (ESRI, 1995) was used with a distance of 100,000 to create a coverage including a 100-kilometer margin around Oklahoma. The ARC/INFO command CLIP (ESRI, 1995) was used to select sites from the current and historical site data sets (Rea and Cederstrand, 1994) within this area. The two data sets were combined, and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) sites were deleted. (An updated version of the USGS sites inventory is included on this compact disc in USGSSIT.) The combined data set was projected to the map projection used on this compact disc. Some data items (fields) were dropped from the point attribute table. Stations in the networks described below are within Oklahoma plus a margin of 100 kilometers. The following meteorological network descriptions are from Rea and Cederstrand (1994): SURFACE METEOROLOGICAL NETWORK DESCRIPTIONS The data for the following surface meteorological networks was compiled by Linda Cully and Steve Williams, of the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, in Boulder, Colorado. The data file they provided was separated into current and historical files, and merged with the other data sets. Following are descriptions of each of the networks. National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) Archives The NCDC archives data from a variety of NOAA and Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) operational meteorological networks. Records from the NCDC archives may be identified by a data-source-code of CC. These data include Surface Aviation Observations (SAO) from the FAA-controlled airport stations, first-order National Weather Service (NWS) stations, and NWS Cooperative Observers. Most of the NWS first-order stations and FAA-controlled airport stations are usually fully instrumented and therefore record a complete range of meteorological parameters. These observations generally are recorded hourly or for a 24-hour period (midnight to midnight local time). Most of the NWS Cooperative Observer Stations collect only daily maximum and minimum temperature data and/or 24-hour precipitation data. Certain NWS Cooperative Observer Stations record higher frequency precipitation data (15-minute and hourly). Stations with last year of record values either missing or greater than 1993 were considered current. Station latitudes and longitudes were reported by NCDC to the nearest minute. Automated Surface Observation System (ASOS) The National Weather Service, FAA, and the U.S. Navy are installing a national network of ASOS stations as part of the NWS modernization plan, FAA airport upgrades, and U.S. Department of Defense installations. Records for ASOS stations may be identified by the combination of an agency code of USNWS and a data-source code of CC. Measurement data are available from the NCDC. Data collected from each station consist of hourly and 5-minute averages of air temperature, dew point, wind speed and direction (including gust), barometric pressure, altimeter, density altitude, visibility, sky conditions (cloud cover and height) and precipitation (5-minute totals). Visibility and sky condition data are computed using a 30-minute running average. Stations with last year of record values either missing or greater than 1993 were considered current. Station latitudes and longitudes were reported to the nearest minute. Aviation Weather Observation System (AWOS) The FAA coordinates a network of both federal and nonfederal stations of automated weather reporting stations in the United States. The AWOS records may be identified by an agency code of USFAA. The measurement data are available from NCDC. The FAA coordinates the operation, maintenance, and data dissemination of the federal network, while individual airports and cities operate and maintain nonfederal network stations. Most of the archived AWOS data consists of 20-minute averages of air temperature, dew point, altimeter, visibility, wind speed and direction, barometric pressure, sky conditions (cloud cover and height), density altitude, and precipitation averages. Winds were averaged using a 2- to 5-minute running mean. Cloud heights were averaged using a 30-minute running mean. Stations with last year of record values either missing or greater than 1993 were considered current. Station latitudes and longitudes were reported to the nearest minute. Oklahoma Mesonet (OM) The Oklahoma Mesonet is a joint effort of the University of Oklahoma and Oklahoma State University. Records for the Oklahoma Mesonet stations may be identified by a data source code of OM. The network consists of 112 automated stations with at least one station located in each county. Average station spacing is 35 kilometers. Each station records 5-minute averages of air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and direction, solar radiation, leaf wetness, soil temperature, and 5-minute totals of precipitation. Every 15 minutes, these data are relayed to a central processing site at the University of Oklahoma in Norman. Stations with last year of record values either missing or greater than 1993 were considered current. Station latitudes and longitudes were reported to the nearest second. Wind Profiler Demonstration Network (WPDN) These stations report vertical profiles of winds every 6 minutes. Some, but not all, of these stations also record surface observations of temperature, pressure, relative humidity, and wind speed and direction hourly. These stations may be identified by the combination of an agency code of USNOA and a data source code of CC. WPDN measurement data are available from NCDC. Stations with last year of record values either missing or greater than 1993 were considered current. Station latitudes and longitudes were reported in degrees to five decimal places. High Plains Regional Climate Network (HPRCN) The High Plains Regional Climate Center, at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, operates and maintains a network of 112 agricultural and drought-monitoring automatic weather stations in Nebraska, Kansas, Iowa, North Dakota, South Dakota, Colorado, Missouri, and Wyoming. Records for these stations may be identified by a data source code of UN. These stations measure hourly averages of air temperature, humidity, wind speed (simple average and vector magnitude), wind direction (vector and standard deviation), solar radiation, soil temperature, and precipitation (hourly totals). These data are stored on site and transmitted via telephone once per day to a central computer at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln for quality assurance and final archiving. Stations with last year of record values either missing or greater than 1993 were considered current. Station latitudes and longitudes were reported in degrees to two decimal places. U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Precipitation Network (Little Washita Basin) The USDA ARS precipitation network consists of 44 rain gages spaced over an area of approximately 600 square kilometers (with an average spacing of 5 kilometers,) comprising the Little Washita watershed in central Oklahoma. Records for these stations may be identified by a data source code of AG. The network consists of weighing type (chart recorder) gages. The weekly charts are digitized into 5-minute time and 0.01-inch resolution totals and quality controlled by ARS. Stations with last year of record values either missing or greater than 1993 were considered current. Station latitudes and longitudes were reported to the nearest second. Each of the above data sets were received from the various sources as ASCII files, with varying formats, and were loaded into the INFO data-base management system. Field values were transformed from the original units or codes to the consistent set of codes, units, and field formats described above. The files were made into ARC/INFO coverages for error-checking and display, as well as projection into the Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area projection. The files were separated into current and historical records, based on the value of the last year of record field, as described for each data set above. Records for stations categorized as current were then consolidated into one file. The file was sorted by agency code, station identification number, first year of record and last year of record, then exported from ARC/INFO to a fixed-format ASCII file.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 1993

Currentness_Reference: publication date

Status:

Progress: Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -97.369277

East_Bounding_Coordinate: -96.399849

North_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.652734

South_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.177147

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Theme_Keyword:

REQUIRED: Common-use word or phrase used to describe the subject of the data set.

Theme:

Theme_Keyword: None

Place:

Place_Keyword: Oklahoma

Access_Constraints: None

Use_Constraints:

The selection criteria used to identify stations were designed to identify and inventory stations with data that may be useful in modeling of the water and energy cycles. The inventory of available data may or may not be applicable to investigations of a different nature.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 202 NW 66th St., Bldg. 7

City: Oklahoma City

State_or_Province: Oklahoma

Postal_Code: 73116

Country: United States of America

Data_Set_Credit:

Modification of this data set and the associated metadata for the Digital atlas of Oklahoma was funded under a Joint Funding Agreement between the U.S. Geological Survey and the Oklahoma State GIS Council.

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.1.0.780

Data_Quality_Information:

Completeness_Report:

This data set contains records from Rea and Cederstrand (1994) for the area covered except the USGS sites have been deleted. This data set is intended to be a complete compilation of meteorological stations in the area, as of 1993.

Lineage:

Process_Step:

Process_Description: Dataset copied.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: \\owrbgis\geodat\Projects\Arbuckle\Data\Land_Features.mdb

Process_Step:

Process_Description: Dataset copied.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: \\Oscar\MasterCovs\z_Projects\Arbuckle\Climate\Weather_Stations

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector

Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:

SDTS_Terms_Description:

SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Entity point

Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 51

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Map_Projection:

Map_Projection_Name: Albers Conical Equal Area

Albers_Conical_Equal_Area:

Standard_Parallel: 29.500000

Standard_Parallel: 45.500000

Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -96.000000

Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 23.000000

False_Easting: 0.000000

False_Northing: 0.000000

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair

Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000128

Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000128

Planar_Distance_Units: meters

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983

Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80

Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000

Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222

Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Altitude_System_Definition:

Altitude_Resolution: 0.001000

Altitude_Encoding_Method:

Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: sa_Weather_Stations

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Shape

Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.

Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: AGENCY

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: SITE

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: DLAT

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: DLONG

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: ELEVM

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: ELEVFT

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: STATE

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: DATSOURCE

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: STANAME

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: GMTOFFSET

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: STDTIME

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: BEGYEAR

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: ENDYEAR

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: REMARKS

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: FID

Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.

Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.

Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

The point attribute table contains 16 attributes for each record. AGENCY contains the agency code (table 3.) SITE contains the station identification number. DLAT and DLONG contain the latitude and longitude in decimal degrees. ELEVM and ELEVFT contain the elevation in meters and feet above the NGVD29. STATE contains the state postal abbreviations (table 4) for the state where the station is located. DATSOURCE contains codes identifying the source of the data (table 5). STANAME contains the station name. GMTOFFSET contains the hour offset, from Greenwich Mean Time of the recorded time at the station. STDTIME contains a Y if the station time switches to daylight savings time. BEGYEAR and ENDYEAR contain the first and last years of station record. Stations with ENDYEAR of 1993 or -999 were considered operating when these data were originally published. REMARKS contains remarks about the station. X-COORD and Y-COORD contain the X and Y coordinates of the station in the map projection coordinate system. The attribute code -999 indicates data are missing or unknown.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table 3. Agency Codes CODE EXPLANATION ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- NCDC NATIONAL CLIMATIC DATA CENTER NE010 NEBRASKA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES, NE OK003 OKLAHOMA CLIMATOLOGICAL SURVEY USARS AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE USFAA U.S. FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION USNOA NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION USNWS NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table 4. State Postal Abbreviations CODE EXPLANATION ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- AR Arkansas CO Colorado KS Kansas LA Louisiana MO Missouri NM New Mexico OK Oklahoma TX Texas ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table 5. Data Source Codes CODE EXPLANATION ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- AG Agricultural Research Service CC National Climate Data Center OM Oklahoma Mesonet UN University of Nebraska at Lincoln ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- The transfer file format for WEATHER is a dBASE format file. The point attributes and X and Y coordinates are stored in WEATHER.DBF.

Distribution_Information:

Resource_Description: Weather Stations in and Around Oklahoma

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Transfer_Size: 0.001

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20071119

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

REQUIRED: The organization responsible for the metadata information.

Contact_Person: REQUIRED: The person responsible for the metadata information.

Contact_Address:

Address_Type:

REQUIRED: The mailing and/or physical address for the organization or individual.

City: REQUIRED: The city of the address.

State_or_Province: REQUIRED: The state or province of the address.

Postal_Code: REQUIRED: The ZIP or other postal code of the address.

Contact_Voice_Telephone:

REQUIRED: The telephone number by which individuals can speak to the organization or individual.

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention: local time

Metadata_Extensions:

Online_Linkage: <http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html>

Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile